Title: Default for EGrPr
Course: Miscellaneous (5-12)

Q: Building a building is difficult

The word Building is... [...]
Also offered: noun; pronoun; adverb; conjunction; adjective
A: verb
If wrong: Your answer is incorrect. In this sentence 'Building' is a gerund, it just looks like the noun building.

Q: Some sports are too dangerous to do alone, like mountainbiking.

The word too is...[...]
Also offered: noun; verb; adjective; conjunction; pronoun
A: adverb

Q: Take him off of me!

The word of is...[...]
Also offered: verb; noun; adverb; adjective; conjunction
A: preposition

Q: She must go to school, even though she has a headache.

The word even though is ...[...]
Also offered: noun; verb; adverb; pronoun; adjective
A: conjunction

Q: She is very strong.

The word very is... [...]
Also offered: noun; adjective; pronoun; noun; conjunction
A: adverb

Q: Do you know how many days November has?

The word November is...[...]
Also offered: verb; adjective; adverb; pronoun; conjunction
A: noun

Q: Choose the subject in the sentence below:

Jenny won the writing competition for her class.
- Jenny
- won
- competition
- class
A: Jenny

Q: Choose the subject in the sentence below:

The old, abandoned church caught on fire!
- old
- fire
- church
- abandoned
A: church

Q: Choose the predicate in the sentence below:

Are you going to the dance tonight?
- you
- dance
- tonight
- are you
A: are you

Q: Match the sentences to the fitting tenses!
- He is here. | present simple
- I went there yesterday. | past simple
- John walks out the door. | present simple
- The kids saw that movie last night. | past simple
- I did not want that. | past simple
- I never wanted that. | past simple
- How is he? | present simple
- He has the right to know it! | present simple
- Last week we walked through the whole park. | past simple
- Ask me what you want! | present simple

Q: Match the sentences to the fitting tenses!
- I have seen John before. | present perfect
- Have you seen John before? | present perfect
- I don't want to meet him. | present simple
- Did you not see him in the dark? | past simple
- He has always wanted to go to Paris. | present perfect
- I never dreamed of such a big party! | past simple
- When can you come and visit me? | present simple
- Has she never learned to ride the bike? | present perfect
- She had not been there before that. | past perfect
- Never before had she been in love so much. | past perfect

Q: Match the sentences to the fitting tenses!
- I have gone there already. | present perfect
- Why did this not fit you? | past simple
- Has she been working late? | present perfect progressive
- What were you doing there in the middle of the night? | past progressive
- Had she been walking there before? | past perfect progressive
- Does she eat right now? | present simple
- Is she eating right now? | present progressive
- She had swum that lake before. | past perfect
- Was it stupid to just sit there? | past simple
- If you have seen him... | present perfect
- Are you meeting him tonight? | present progressive
- When did that happen? | past simple
- By that time she had been driving for hours. | past perfect progressive
- What have you done? | present perfect
- Are you serious? | present simple

Q: Choose the subject in the sentence below:

Michelle and Tina went on a road trip to Paris last year.
- Michelle and Tina
- road trip
- Paris
- last year
A: Michelle and Tina

Q: Every sentence needs a ...
- subject
- object
- predicate
- direct object
- subject&predicate
A: subject&predicate
Partly right: subject (50%); predicate (50%)

Q: Direct & indirect objects
- A direct object | can be found if you ask a question with subject and predicate
- An indirect object | can be found if you ask a question with subject, predicate and direct object
Also offered: is the action; is like the subject

Q: Subject & predicate
- The subject | "does" the predicate
- The predicate | is the verb
Also offered: is a noun; must be more than one word

Q: Present & past simple
- The present simple | is usually one word
- The past simple | never has a 3rd person -s
Also offered: the 3rd form of the verb; is also called "-ing" form

Q: Match the statements
- The progressive | has an -ing form in every tense
- The past perfect | talks about something that happened before the simple past
- The present perfect | needs the third form of the verb, the participle
- The present progressive | talks about something that is happening now
- The past perfect progressive | talks about an action that had been happening before something else happened
Also offered: sometimes has an -ing form

Q: Match the word classes to the statements.
- A verb | describes an action (or state) of something
- A noun | describes things
- An adjective | describes how something is
- A conjunction | connects two clauses or sentences
- An adverb | describes an adjective, verb or adverb
- A pronoun | takes the place of a noun
- A preposition | connects a noun to another word

Q: Before he [woke up] (wake up), he [had slept] (sleep) the whole night.
- woke up
- had slept
A: woke up / had slept

Q: After he [had arrived] (arrive) at school, he [met] (meet) his friends in the classroom.
- had arrived
- met
A: had arrived / met

Q: He [went] (go) to the party directly after he [had dressed] (dress).
- went
- had dressed
A: went / had dressed

Q: Jane [had taken] (take) the wrong bus just before she [caught] (catch) the right one.
- had taken
- caught
A: had taken / caught

Q: When she [came] (come) to the party, she [had finished] (finish) her homework already.
- came
- had finished
A: came / had finished

Q: The bus [had left] (leave) when she finally [arrived] (arrive) at the station.
- had left
- arrived
A: had left / arrived

Q: The simple past...
- is the 2nd form
- is the 3rd form
- always consists of at least two words
A: is the 2nd form

Q: The past perfect...
- consists of at least two words
- is the third form (the third form (participle) is part of the past perfect, but you also need the 'had')
- is a tense of the present
A: consists of at least two words
Partly right: is the third form (50%)

Q: Match the tenses to the examples!
- He had gone there. | past perfect
- They just left. | simple past
- They were there before us. | simple past
- We could not see them anymore. | simple past
- Had they done the homework by that time? | past perfect
- I had danced the whole time! | past perfect
- We caught them with the TV in their hands! | simple past
- Jerry had watched all of it. | past perfect

Q: After he [had watched] (watch) the movie they [went] (go) straight to bed.
- had watched
- went
A: had watched / went

Q: If you have the simple past and the past perfect in one sentence, the part with the past perfect...
- always happened first, before the part with the simple past.
- must stand at the beginning.
- must stand at the end.
- always happened second, after the part with the simple past.
A: always happened first, before the part with the simple past.

Q: The reported speech
- If the reporting verb is in the past... | you have to backshift
- If the reporting verb is in the present... | there is no backshift
- Backshift: simple present --> | simple past
- Backshift: simple past --> | past perfect
- Backshift: will --> | would
- Backshift: present perfect --> | past perfect
- Backshift: past perfect --> | past perfect
- Backshift: would --> | would
Also offered: you can change but you do not have to

Q: The direct speech sentence below is put into the reported speech, but you have to pick the correct verb!

John:"I see my daughter"

John said he ... his daughter.
- saw (Backshift: simple present --> simple past)
- seen (This is the participle)
- seed (this form does not exist - (to) see is an irregular verb)
A: saw

Q: The direct speech sentence below is put into the reported speech, but you have to pick the correct verb!

John:"They took the new car"

John mentioned they ... the new car.
- had taken (Backshift: simple past --> past perfect)
- took (you did not backshift)
- taken (the participle cannot stand alone)
A: had taken

Q: The direct speech sentence below is put into the reported speech, but you have to pick the correct verb!

Marie:"They took the new car."

Marie told me they ... the new car.
- had taken (Backshift: simple past --> past perfect)
- took (This is simple past like the direct speech, why did you not backshift?)
- taken (This is the participle, it cannot stand alone)
A: had taken

Q: The direct speech sentence below is put into the reported speech, but you have to pick the correct verb!

Carol:"Why did she go home?"

Carol asked why she ... home.
- had gone (Backshift: simple past --> past perfect)
- went (This is simple past like the direct speech, why did you not backshift?)
- did go (Think! This does not make any sense)
A: had gone

Q: When you put direct into reported speech, you maybe also have to change...
- pronouns: I becomes he for example
- names
A: pronouns: I becomes he for example

Q: The direct speech sentence below is put into the reported speech, but you have to pick the correct verb!

Paul:"We have seen that movie already

Paul explained they ... the new movie already.
- had seen (Backshift: present perfect --> past perfect)
- saw (This is not how the backshift works. Present perfect --> past perfect)
- have seen (Why did you not backshift?)
A: had seen

Q: The direct speech sentence below is put into the reported speech, but you have to pick the correct verb!

Harold:"I cannot believe this!"

Harold shouted he ... believe this
- could not (Backshift: simple present --> simple past)
- couldnot (It is two words!)
- cannot (The direct speech sentence below is put into the reported speech, but you have to pick the correct verb! Carol:"Why did she go home?" This is simple present like the direct speech, why did you not backshift?)
A: could not

Q: The direct speech sentence below is put into the reported speech, but you have to pick the correct verb!

Joey: "This had happened even before."

Joey explained that ... even before.
- had happened (Backshift: past perfect --> past perfect)
- happened (Backshift: past perfect --> past perfect)
- has happened (Backshift: past perfect --> past perfect)
A: had happened

Q: The direct speech sentence below is put into the reported speech, but you have to pick the correct verb!

Marge: "I will totally do that!"

Marge said she ... totally do that.
- would (Backshift: will --> would)
- will (This is simple present like the direct speech, why did you not backshift?)
- won't (This is the negation of will - why?)
A: would

Q: Put the direct speech into the indirect speech!

Jackie: "I want a new car."

Jackie said [she] [wanted] a new car.
- she
- wanted
A: she / wanted

Q: Put the direct speech into the indirect speech!

Mandy: "John told me I am smart."

Mandy told me John [had told] [her] [she] [was] smart
- had told
- her
- she
- was
A: had told / her / she / was

Q: Put the direct speech into the indirect speech!

Charlie: "The homework has never been easy."

Charlie explained the homework [had] [never] [been] easy."
- had
- never
- been
A: had / never / been

Q: Put the direct speech into the indirect speech!

Jack: "Joe and Chris will go there."

Jack said Joe and Chris [would] go there.
- would
A: would

Q: Put the direct speech into the indirect speech!

Marv: "I would totally do that!"

Marv said [he] [would] totally do that.
- he
- would
A: he / would

Q: Put the direct speech into the indirect speech!

Jenny: "I want to change the shirt."

Jenny admitted [she] [wanted] [to change] the shirt.
- she
- wanted
- to change
A: she / wanted / to change

Q: Moe told me he went there.

Moe: "[I go there].
- I go there
A: I go there

Q: Boris said he would not run for PM.

Boris: "[I will not run for PM]
- I will not run for PM
A: I will not run for PM

Q: Roy said he would not run.

Roy said...
- he would not run.
- he will not run
- he cannot run
- he does not run
A: he would not run.; he will not run

Q: F:" We will do it."

F said...
- we would do it (also possible: they would do it)
- they would do it (also possible: we would do it)
- she would do it (Why "she"?)
- we will do it (Why did you not backshift?)
A: we would do it / they would do it

Q: Marc: "I would love that."

Marc mentioned [he would love that]
- he would love that
A: he would love that

Q: Jane: "I would love to but I cannot.

Jane explained [she would love to but she could not]
- she would love to but she could not
A: she would love to but she could not

Q: Jolene told me Morris had not seen that coming.

Jolene told me...
- Morris had not seen that coming.
- Morris has not seen that coming
- Morris did not see that coming
A: Morris had not seen that coming.; Morris has not seen that coming; Morris did not see that coming

Q: Boris said he would not run for PM.

Boris: " I...
- would not run for PM
- will not run for PM
- am not going to run for PM
A: would not run for PM; will not run for PM

Q: Tobias: "I am not sure but I think it worked."

Tobias mentioned [he was not sure but he thought it had worked]
- he was not sure but he thought it had worked
A: he was not sure but he thought it had worked

Q: Flea: "I have not seen Joe but I will tell him it works."

Flea told me [he had not seen Joe but he would tell him it worked]
- he had not seen Joe but he would tell him it worked
A: he had not seen Joe but he would tell him it worked

Q: Conditional 3 sentences can happen, but it is unlikely they will.
- True (No! Conditional III did not happen, it could have.)
- False (True! Conditional III did not happen, it could have.)
A: False

Q: _Match!
- The main clause | has a 'would'
- The if-clause | is in the present tense
Also offered: can be in different tenses

Q: If it [rains] (rain) I [will stay] (stay) at home.
- rains
- will stay
A: rains / will stay

Q: Cherry [will go] (go) to the party if she [finishes] (finish) her homework in time.
- will go
- finishes
A: will go / finishes

Q: If I [can find] (can find) the time, I [will visit] (visit) you later.
- can find
- will visit
A: can find / will visit

Q: The party [will be] (be) awesome if they [win] (win).
- will be
- win
A: will be / win

Q: The main clause must be first, the if-clause must be second.
- True (Why? It does not matter which clause comes first.)
- False (Correct)
A: False

Q: I [will find] (find) you if it [is] (be) the last thing I do.
- will find
- is
A: will find / is

Q: 1. If you [go out] (to go out) with him again, I think he [will kiss] (to kiss) you.
2. If we [are singing] (to be singing) that song, they [will be able] (to be able) to sing along.
3. Madison [will be drinking] (to be drinking) from that cup if it [remains] (to remain) on the table!
4. My daughter [will be driving] (to be driving) if she [makes] (to make) her driver's licence.
5. If one of you really [go] (to go) over there to talk to her, she [will be laughing] (to be laughing) so much.
6. Zoe [will be mad at] (to be mad at) him if she ever [finds] (to find) out.
7. If they [have] (to have) more time, there [will be] (to be) a better result.
8. She [will be spending] (to be spending) a year in the US if she [can] (to be able to --> can) afford it.
9. If they really [go] (to go) to Las Vegas I am sure they [will get] (to get) married.
10. If getting married [is] (to be) the solution, everybody [will be] (to be) married!
- go out
- will kiss
- are singing
- will be able
- will be drinking
- remains
- will be driving
- makes
- go
- will be laughing
- will be mad at
- finds
- have
- will be
- will be spending
- can
- go
- will get
- is
- will be
A: go out / will kiss / are singing / will be able / will be drinking / remains / will be driving / makes / go / will be laughing / will be mad at / finds / have / will be / will be spending / can / go / will get / is / will be

Q: If he [wants to come] (want to come) he [will have] (have) so much fun!
- wants to come
- will have
A: wants to come / will have

Q: Out in the west-Texas town of El Paso I [fell] (to fall) in love with a Mexican girl.

Night-time would find me in Rosa's cantina; music would play and Felina would whirl.

Blacker than night [were]  (to be) the eyes of Felina,wicked and evil while casting a spell. My love [was] (to be) deep for this Mexican maiden;I [was] (to be) in love but in vain, I [could] (to be able to / can) tell.

One night a wild young cowboy [came] (to come) in,wild as the West Texas wind.
Dashing and daring, a drink he [was] (to be) sharing with wicked Felina, the girl that I [loved] (to love).
So in anger I [challenged] (to challenge) his right for the love of this maiden, down [went] (to go) his hand for the gun that he [wore] (to wear).
My challenge [was] (to be) answered in less than a heart-beat; the handsome young stranger [lay] (to lie) dead on the floor.

Just for a moment I [stood] (to stand) there in silence,shocked by the foul evil deed I had done.
Many thoughts [raced] (to race) through my mind as I [stood] (to stand) there; I [had] (to have) but one chance and that [was] (to be) to run.

Out through the back door of Rosa's I [ran] (to run),out where the horses [were] (to be) tied.
I [caught] (to catch) a good one, it [looked] (to look) like it [could] (to be able to / can) run.Up on its back and away I did ride, just as fast as I [could] (to be able to / can) from the west-Texas town of El Pasoout to the bad-lands of New Mexico.

Back in El Paso my life would be worthless.
Everything's gone in life, nothing is left.
It's been so long since I've seen the young maiden, my love is stronger than my fear of death.
I [saddled up] (to saddle up) and away I did go, riding alone in the dark.

From here on the song is in the present tense, so there is nothing more to fill in - just enjoy!

Maybe tomorrow a bullet will find me, tonight nothing's worse than this pain in my heart.
And at last here I am on the hill overlooking El Paso;I can see Rosa's cantina below.
My love is strong and it pushes me onward,
down off the hill to Felina I go.
Off to my right I see five mounted cowboys;
off to my left ride a dozen or more.
Shouting and shooting I can't let them catch me, I have to make it to Rosa's back door.
Something is dreadfully wrong for I feel a deep burning pain in my side.
Though I am trying to stay in the saddle,
I'm getting weary, unable to ride,
but my love for
Felina is strong and I rise where I've fallen;
though I am weary I can't stop to rest.
I see the white puff of smoke from the rifle,
I feel the bullet go deep in my chest.
From out of nowhere Felina has found me,
kissing my cheek as she kneels by my side.
Cradled by two loving arms that I'll die for,
one little kiss and Felina, good-bye.
- fell
- were
- was
- was
- could
- came
- was
- loved
- challenged
- went
- wore
- was
- lay
- stood
- raced
- stood
- had
- was
- ran
- were
- caught
- looked
- could
- could
- saddled up
A: fell / were / was / was / could / came / was / loved / challenged / went / wore / was / lay / stood / raced / stood / had / was / ran / were / caught / looked / could / could / saddled up

Q: The adverb usually talks about [...].

The adjective usually talks about [...].
A: a verb or another adjective; a noun, pronoun or person

Q: A regular adverb ends on
- -ly
- -ed (That is the second form of a regular verb, but it has nothing to do with adjectives.)
- -th (Why? This answer does not make any sense.)
A: -ly

Q: An irregular adverb always ends on -ur.
- True (Wrong. There is no rule for the ending of irregular adverbs, that is why they are called irregular - you just have to learn them.)
- False (Correct. There is no rule for the ending of irregular adverbs, that is why they are called irregular - you just have to learn them.)
A: False

Q: The song is [nice].

She plays the song [nicely].
- nice
- nicely
A: nice / nicely

Q: He is very [professional] at his job.

He is [professionally] cleaning the table.
- professional
- professionally
A: professional / professionally

Q: Joe and Micky can sing [wonderfully].

Joe and Micky are [wonderful] people.
- wonderfully
- wonderful
A: wonderfully / wonderful

Q: Mira plays tennis [elegantly].

That woman over there has an [elegant] dress.
- elegantly
- elegant
A: elegantly / elegant

Q: He is [really] [good] at playing computer games.

He plays so [well], he always wins!
- really
- good
- well
A: really / good / well

Q: The food smells so [good].

I love this painting, he can paint so [well].
- good
- well
A: good / well

Q: He plays tennis [really] [well].

This racket is very [good], it was [really] [expensive], too!
- really
- well
- good
- really
- expensive
A: really / well / good / really / expensive
Feedback: Adjectives - talk about how something is --> are used with 'to be' - usually talk about nouns/pronouns - Examples: - She is great. - The chair is green. Adverbs - regular adverbs end on -ly (nice --> nicely | wonderful --> wonderfully) - irregular adverbs are irregular, you have to know them (good --> well) - talk about how something is done --> used with many verbs but not 'to be' - usually talk about verbs, adjectives or other adverbs - Examples: - She listened wonderfully (talks about play) - He is really great. (talks about great; 'to be' is used with great, not really in this case) - They played very well. (talks about well)

Q: Find the correct word order
- John
- is eating
- a banana
A: John / is eating / a banana

Q: Find the correct word order
- Ben and Jerry
- want
- a new car
A: Ben and Jerry / want / a new car

Q: You can always put a time phrase (e.g. "every morning", "on Monday") at the very beginning or at the very end of a sentence.
- True (Good. It is always a good idea to put a time phrase at the very beginning or the very end!)
- False (Wrong, It is always a good idea to put a time phrase at the very beginning or the very end!)
A: True

Q: If a time phrase ("every day") and a adverbial of place ("at school", "home") stand next to each other in a sentence, the adverbial of place must come first.
- True (Good. Place before time always works!)
- False (No. Place before time always works!)
A: True

Q: Generally the word order for the parts of a sentence is:
- Subject
- Predicate
- Object
A: Subject / Predicate / Object

Q: Match the auxiliaries to the verbs with the same meaning!
- can | be able to
- may | be allowed to
- must | have to
Also offered: should; might; would

Q: How many words do you need to make the present progressive simple?
A: 2

Q: The past perfect simple is built like this:

had + participle
- True (Exactly right, that is how it is done.)
- False (Wrong. How would you build it?)
A: True

Q: I already [have done] (to do) my homework.
- have done
A: have done

Q: The main signal words for the past perfect simple are (in alphabetical order):

[after] [before] [when]
- after
- before
- when
- yesterday
- last week
- never
- right now
A: after / before / when

Q: Signal words for the present perfect simple are:

[not...yet] [never] [already]
- not...yet
- never
- already
- yesterday
- before
- then
A: not...yet / never / already

Q: Yesterday I [woke up] (to wake up) really early. When I [went] (to go) down to have breakfast, I [saw] (to see) that there [was] (to be) a cat in my kitchen! I [tried] (to try) to catch it but only [caught] (to catch) a fly that [flew] (to fly) around my nose.
- woke up
- went
- saw
- was
- tried
- caught
- flew
A: woke up / went / saw / was / tried / caught / flew

Q: Last summer John [ran] (to run) a marathon. He [practiced] (to practice) so hard, but not only running, he also  [swam] (to swim). After practice he also [drank] (to drink) and [ate] (to eat) his special food so he could regenerate better.

After his race he and his friend Joe [fell] (to fall) down on the ground because they [were] (to be) so tired. Joe [hit] (to hit) the ground with his face first he [was] (to be) so tired!
- ran
- practiced
- swam
- drank
- ate
- fell
- were
- hit
- was
A: ran / practiced / swam / drank / ate / fell / were / hit / was

Q: Our last holiday [was] (to be) awesome! First we [drove] (to drive) to a really nice farm and there we [rode] (to ride) on beautiful horses. Also we [dove] (to dive) in the ocean and in the evenings we [sat] (to sit) on this wonderful cliff and [watched] (to watch) the sunset.
- was
- drove
- rode
- dove
- sat
- watched
A: was / drove / rode / dove / sat / watched

Q: Tim and Charles are walking to the train station every morning.
- Tim and Charles
- are walking
- to the train station
- every morning
A: Tim and Charles / are walking / to the train station / every morning

Q: 1. [Falling in love] (to fall in love) is hard on your knees.
2. [Going to school] (to go to school) will always be fun.
3. [Doing my homework] (to do my homework) has never been so much fun.
4. [Drinking enough water] (to drink enough water) is important for your health.
5. [Dancing with a partner] (to dance with a partner) last year was awesome.
6. [Taking the bus] (to take the bus) is faster than the alternative.
7. [Smoking] (to smoke) is super stupid.
8. [Marking class tests] (to mark class tests) is really not so much fun.
9. [Flying a jet plane] (to fly a jet plane) is really a great experience.
10. [Visiting New York] (to visit New York) was really the best holiday ever!
- Falling in love
- Going to school
- Doing my homework
- Drinking enough water
- Dancing with a partner
- Taking the bus
- Smoking
- Marking class tests
- Flying a jet plane
- Visiting New York
A: Falling in love / Going to school / Doing my homework / Drinking enough water / Dancing with a partner / Taking the bus / Smoking / Marking class tests / Flying a jet plane / Visiting New York

Q: 1. Danny knows everything about [cooking a healthy meal] (to cook / a healthy meal).
2. Mr. Jones is really good at [scaring young students] (to scare / young students)
3. My little brother is really interested in [going to the army after school] (to go to the army / after school).
4. Thinking of [eating in my favorite restaurant] (to eat / in my favorite restaurant) always makes me hungry.
5. The chance of [going to space] (to go to space) is one that you should not miss out on.
6. My parents have been asking about [building a tree house] (to build a tree house) lately, weird.
7. Ray was really sorry for [kissing that woman] (to kiss that woman), but I cannot forgive him.
- cooking a healthy meal
- scaring young students
- going to the army after school
- eating in my favorite restaurant
- going to space
- building a tree house
- kissing that woman
A: cooking a healthy meal / scaring young students / going to the army after school / eating in my favorite restaurant / going to space / building a tree house / kissing that woman

Q: 1. Chrissy enjoys [taking] (to take) long walks
2. I prefer [walking] (to walk) to [riding] (to ride) the bike
3. I hate [having to do] (have to do) the dishes after dinner.
4. Don’t you love [eating romantically] (to eat romantically) in a nice restaurant?
5. My best friend really likes [playing the guitar] (to play the guitar) in the evening.
6. They cannot imagine [living in Scotland] (to live in Scotland) because of the bad weather there.
- taking
- walking
- riding
- having to do
- eating romantically
- playing the guitar
- living in Scotland
A: taking / walking / riding / having to do / eating romantically / playing the guitar / living in Scotland

Q: Find synonyms!
- must not | not allowed to
- cannot | not able to
- won't | will not
Also offered: might not; not have to

Q: Find the right past tense forms!
- cannot | could not
- must not | was not allowed to
- be able to | was able to
- must | had to

Q: 1. I didn't feel very well yesterday. I [could not} (could not | cannot | must not) eat anything.
2. You [should] (could | should | would) look at me when I am talking to you.
3. I was using my pencil a minute ago. It [must] (can | could | must | would] be here somewhere.
4. You really [must not] (must not | do not have to) be late again.
5. If you don't start working harder, you [will have to] (have to | must | will have to) repeat the course next year.
6. His parents spoil him. He's always [been allowed] (been able | been allowed) to do whatever he wants.
7. Phone her now. She [has to be] (must be | has to be | would be) home by now.
8. I [might] (would | might] be able to help you, but I'm not sure yet.
9. Entrance to the museum was free. We [did not need to] (must not | did not need to) pay to get in.
10. Already as a child Mozart [could] (should | would | could) play the piano beautifully.
- should
- must
- must not
- will have to
- been allowed
- has to be
- might
- did not need to
- could
A: should / must / must not / will have to / been allowed / has to be / might / did not need to / could

Q: 1. A sign you are likely to see at an airport is Bags [must] (can | must | may) not be left unattended.
2. I really [must] (may | would | must) try to get fit.
3. [May] (Must | Would | May) I go to the bathroom, please?
4. His excuse [may] (should | may) be true, but I don't believe it.
5. It's very important to [be able to] (can | be able to] speak more than one language.
6. I don't like [having to] (being allowed to | having to | being able to) get up early on a Sunday.
7. She [could] (could | should | would) talk already before she was two years old.
8. I [could not] (would not | could not | should not | must not) move the table, it was too heavy.
9. You [must not] (must not | do not have to) put your feet on the cafeteria.
10. You can come to the meeting if you want but you [don't have to] (have to | don't have to | must not).
- must
- must
- May
- may
- be able to
- having to
- could
- could not
- must not
- don't have to
A: must / must / May / may / be able to / having to / could / could not / must not / don't have to

Q: In the main clause there is a would, in the if-clause there is a verb in the past perfect.
- True (Wrong. Rules: Main clause: would + present perfect. | If-clause: if + past perfect. Example: We would have seen a rainbow if it had rained.)
- False (Correct. Rules: Main clause: would + present perfect. | If-clause: if + past perfect. Example: We would have seen a rainbow if it had rained.)
A: True

Q: 1. If I [had] (to have) more time, I [would learn] (to learn) to play the guitar.
2. If she [studied] (to study) harder, she [would get] (to get) better marks.
3. If we [knew] (to know) more about history, we [would take] (to take) the test.
4. I [would go] (to go) jogging with Tom and Sue if they [were] (to be) here this week.
5. I [would buy] (to buy) a new car, if I [had] (to have) more money.
6. She [would take] (to take) lessons, if she [knew] (to know) how to speak French.
7. If he [were] (to be) older, he [was able to] (be able to) vote.
8. You [would buy] (to buy) a car if you [won] (to win) the lottery.
9. If Tom [went] (to go) to class, he [would learn] (to learn) more.
10. I [would travel] (to travel) around if I [could go] (can / to go) anywhere in the world.
- had
- would learn
- studied
- would get
- knew
- would take
- would go
- were
- would buy
- had
- would take
- knew
- were
- was able to
- would buy
- won
- went
- would learn
- would travel
- could go
A: had / would learn / studied / would get / knew / would take / would go / were / would buy / had / would take / knew / were / was able to / would buy / won / went / would learn / would travel / could go

Q: Find the right order!
- John
- sees
- the boat
A: John / sees / the boat

Q: Find the right order!
- The boat
- is seen
- by John
A: The boat / is seen / by John

Q: Find the right order
- Subject
- Predicate
- Object
A: Subject / Predicate / Object

Q: In an active sentence, the subject does something.
- True (Correct. Example: John sings a song. John (=Subject) does something (=Predicate = sing).)
- False (Wrong. Example: John sings a song. John (=Subject) does something (=Predicate = sing).)
A: True

Q: If you want to find out what the subject is, you can ask

"Who/what + predicate (+ object)"

Example sentence: John sings a song.
- True (Correct. Exmaple: John sings a song. Who/what + predicate: sings (+ object: a song)? --> John = subject)
- False (Wrong. Exmaple: John sings a song. Who/what + predicate: sings (+ object: a song)? --> John = subject)
A: True

Q: You can ask for the object with the following question:

"Who/what + predicate + subject"

Example: John sings a song.
- True (Correct. Example: John sings a song. Who/what + predicate: sings + subject: song? What sings John?)
- False (Wrong. Example: John sings a song. Who/what + predicate: sings + subject: song? What sings John?)
A: True

Q: Find the right order!
- The coke
- was drunk
- by my little brother
A: The coke / was drunk / by my little brother

Q: Find the right order!
- My little brother
- drank
- the coke.
A: My little brother / drank / the coke.

Q: 1. The museum [is opened] (to open) by Robbie Williams!
2. Charlie [is visited] (to visit) by his friends.
3. They [are watched] (to watch) by their parents.
4. Johnny [is searched] (to search) by the whole family.
5. My computer [is repaired] (to repair) by a specialist.
6. The football match [is played] (to play) by the best team ever - BVB 09!
7. The car [is taken] (to take) to the garage.
8. They [are seen] (to see) as friends.
- is opened
- is visited
- are watched
- is searched
- is repaired
- is played
- is taken
- are seen
A: is opened / is visited / are watched / is searched / is repaired / is played / is taken / are seen

Q: - Charlie drinks the coke.

[The coke is drunk by Charlie]

- My friends buy the car.

[The car is bought by my friends]

- I have given the book to my favorite aunt.

[The book has been given to my favorite aunt by me]
- The coke is drunk by Charlie
- The car is bought by my friends
- The book has been given to my favorite aunt by me
A: The coke is drunk by Charlie / The car is bought by my friends / The book has been given to my favorite aunt by me

Q: The Conditional 1 works like this:

if-clause: if + conjugated verb

main clause: will + infinitive
- True (Correct. Rules: if-clause: if + conjugated verb |main clause: will + infinitive Example: If he goes there, it will be super)
- False (Wrong, that is actually correct. Rules: if-clause: if + conjugated verb |main clause: will + infinitive Example: If he goes there, it will be super)
A: True

Q: 1. "Where do you go?"                          She asked [where he went].    --> use 'he'
2. "Why did she do that?"                      He asked me [why she had done] that.
3. "Who have you seen there?"            They asked [who they had seen] there.  --> use 'they'
4. "When can I see my daugther?"       She wanted to know [when she could see her] daughter.   --> use 'she'
5. "How did you manage to do this?"    They asked us [how we had managed to do] that.     --> use 'we'
6. "What do you know about sports?"   Our teacher asked us [what we knew] about sports.   --> use 'we'
- where he went
- why she had done
- who they had seen
- when she could see her
- how we had managed to do
- what we knew
A: where he went / why she had done / who they had seen / when she could see her / how we had managed to do / what we knew
Feedback: Questions with additional auxiliary verb Direct speech: Question word + auxiliary verb (needed for the formation of a question) + subject + predicate + rest Where do you go? Why did she do that? In the reported speech this is no longer a question, so the auxiliary verb disappears: question word + subject + predicate (+...) She asked where he went. He wanted to know why she had done that. Remember: - If the introductory verb (ask, want to know) is in the past, the predicate must be backshifted! - Pronouns (we, you | his, her | them) probably must be changed so that the new sentence makes sense! - Adverbials of time (now) and place (here) must change, because the reported speech usually happens at a different time and place.

Q: 1. "Do you go there?"                      She asked whether [he went] there.
2. "Is that your daughter?"               He asked if [that was] my daughter].
3. "Did she do that?"                       They wanted to know whether [she had done] that.
4. "Are you serious?"                      We wanted to know whether [he was] serious.
5. "Have you seen him?"                 She asked if you [had seen] him.
6. "Are they your friends?"               Charly asked whether [they were] our friends.
7. "Can you show me the way?"      He asked whether she [could show him] the way.
- he went
- that was
- she had done
- he was
- had seen
- they were
- could show him
A: he went / that was / she had done / he was / had seen / they were / could show him
Feedback: The word order changes! Direct speech 1: auxiliary + subject + predicate (+...) 2: predicate + subject (+...) 1: Do you go there? 2: Was that your daughter? In the reported speech it always changes to: whether/if + subject + predicate (+...) She asked whether I went there. He asked me if that had been my daughter. You can use if or whether, that does not matter at all.

Q: Put the words/phrases in the correct order!
- which
- test results
- are
- your conclusions
- based
- on
- ?
A: which / test results / are / your conclusions / based / on / ?

Q: Put the words/phrases in the correct order!
- if
- Jason
- gets
- here
- on time
- we
- can
- all
- go
- to the cinema
A: if / Jason / gets / here / on time / we / can / all / go / to the cinema
If wrong: Also possible: We can all go to the cinema if Jason gets here on time.

Q: Put the words/phrases in the correct order!
- the minister
- announced
- his decision
- to all the memebers of the cabinet
A: the minister / announced / his decision / to all the memebers of the cabinet

Q: Put the words/phrases in the correct order!
- I didn't know
- how
- the machine
- worked
- until
- someone
- showed
- me
A: I didn't know / how / the machine / worked / until / someone / showed / me
If wrong: Also possible: Until someone showed me I didn't know how the machine worked.

Q: Put the words/phrases in the correct order!
- Who
- did
- John
- discuss
- the new plans
- with
- ?
A: Who / did / John / discuss / the new plans / with / ?
If wrong: Also possible: With who did John discuss the new plans?

Q: Put the words/phrases in the correct order!
- Although
- Tom
- didn't pass
- all his A-levels
- he
- got
- a good job with a bank
A: Although / Tom / didn't pass / all his A-levels / he / got / a good job with a bank

Q: 1. "Where are all the people?"              She asked [where all the people were].
2. "What vegetables grow here?"         He wanted to know [what vegetables grew] there.
3. "When is the next party?"                 They were asking [when the next party was].
4. "Why is nobody in the classroom?"  The teacher wanted to know [why nobody was] in the classroom.
5. "How was that a thing?"                   She asked [how that had been] a thing.
6. "Who is that woman?"                      You asked me [who that woman was].
- where all the people were
- what vegetables grew
- when the next party was
- why nobody was
- how that had been
- who that woman was
A: where all the people were / what vegetables grew / when the next party was / why nobody was / how that had been / who that woman was
Feedback: Questions without additional auxiliary verb Direct speech 1: Question word + predicate + subject + rest or 2: Question word + subject + predicate + rest (if the question word directly talks about the subject) 1: Where are all the people? 2: Which vegetables grow here? In the reported speech it does not matter what type of question you had in the direct speech, the word order is always the same: question word + subject + predicate (+...) 1: She asked where all the people were. 2: He wanted to know which vegetables grew there. This works exactly the same in German! Remember: - If the introductory verb (ask, want to know) is in the past, the predicate must be backshifted! - Pronouns (we, you | his, her | them) probably must be changed so that the new sentence makes sense! - Adverbials of time (now) and place (here) must change, because the reported speech usually happens at a different time and place. Regular questions Direct speech: Question word + auxiliary verb (needed for the formation of a question) + subject + predicate + rest Where do you go? Why did she do that? In the reported speech this is no longer a question, so the auxiliary verb disappears: question word + subject + predicate (+...) She asked where he went. He wanted to know why she had done that. Remember: · If the introductory verb (ask, want to know) is in the past, the predicate must be backshifted! · Pronouns (we, you | his, her | them) probably must be changed so that the new sentence makes sense!

Q: Put the following sentence into the passive.

You can sing the song.                             [the song] [can] [be sung] [by you]
- the song
- can
- be sung
- by you
A: the song / can / be sung / by you
Feedback: The song can be sung by you The book will be read by my mother The word order in a passive with a modal is always the same S + modal/will + be + participle + rest Other modals: may, might, could, should, would, shall, must, be able to

Q: Put the following sentence into the passive

My mother will read the book.                  [the book] [will] [be read] [by my mother]
- the book
- will
- be read
- by my mother
A: the book / will / be read / by my mother

Q: Put the following sentence into the passive.

She should wear my pullover.                  [my pullover] [should] [be worn] [by her]
- my pullover
- should
- be worn
- by her
A: my pullover / should / be worn / by her

Q: Put the following sentence into the passive.

Freddy might kiss me.                              [I] [might] [be kissed] [by Freddy]
- I
- might
- be kissed
- by Freddy
A: I / might / be kissed / by Freddy

Q: Put the following sentence into the passive.

He must give the horse to me.                 [the horse] [must] [be given] [to me] [by him]
- the horse
- must
- be given
- to me
- by him
A: the horse / must / be given / to me / by him

Q: Put the sentence into the passive.

Cherry gives Jodie the book.             [Jodie] [is given] [the book] [by Cherry]
- Jodie
- is given
- the book
- by Cherry
A: Jodie / is given / the book / by Cherry
Feedback: Cherry gives the book to Jodie Jodie is given the book by Cherry. Subject and indirect object swap places! Direct object and predicate stay the same. Note: In the active sentence you can say Cherry gives Jodie the book or Cherry gives the book to Jodie Both sentences are correct and mean the same.

Q: Put the sentence into the passive.

The company offered Mandy a job.                 [Mandy] [was offered] [a job] [by the company]
- Mandy
- was offered
- a job
- by the company
A: Mandy / was offered / a job / by the company

Q: Put the sentence into the passive.

The handsome man has bought Joe a drink.       [Joe] [has been bought] [a drink] [by the handsome man]
- Joe
- has been bought
- a drink
- by the handsome man
A: Joe / has been bought / a drink / by the handsome man

Q: Put the sentence into the passive.

Marc passed Florence the ball.       [Florence] [was passed] [the ball] [by Marc]
- Florence
- was passed
- the ball
- by Marc
A: Florence / was passed / the ball / by Marc

Q: Put the sentence into the passive.

He had given Marcy the password.             [Marcy] [had been given] [the password] [by him]
- Marcy
- had been given
- the password
- by him
A: Marcy / had been given / the password / by him

Q: Make correct sentences using the personal passive! Leave out the by-agent.

1. They know she is a good swimmer.                    [She is known to be a good swimmer]
2. We thought the kids were in bed.                        [The kids were thought to be in bed]
3. Many people think trains are slow.                      [Trains are thought to be slow]
4. Graham thinks this book is boring.                      [This book is thought to be boring]
5. They found that it was impossible.                      [It was found to be impossible]
6. They believed she wins gold.                              [She was believed to win gold]
7. People know bikes are good for the planet.        [Bikes are known to be good for the planet]
8. She said Francis is in hospital.                            [Francis is said to be in hospital]
9. His friends thought he he was home.                  [He was thought to be home]
10. People believed the robber was there.                [The robber was believed to be there]
- She is known to be a good swimmer
- The kids were thought to be in bed
- Trains are thought to be slow
- This book is thought to be boring
- It was found to be impossible
- She was believed to win gold
- Bikes are known to be good for the planet
- Francis is said to be in hospital
- He was thought to be home
- The robber was believed to be there
A: She is known to be a good swimmer / The kids were thought to be in bed / Trains are thought to be slow / This book is thought to be boring / It was found to be impossible / She was believed to win gold / Bikes are known to be good for the planet / Francis is said to be in hospital / He was thought to be home / The robber was believed to be there

Q: Make sentences using verb + object + to-infinitive! --> use the past simple

1. "Take Sean there!"                                  She told us [to take Sean there].
2. "Forget it, Joe!"                                       He advised Joe [to forget it].
3. "Change the channel, Merryl!"                They ordered Merryl [to change the channel].
4. "You should go, John."                            We asked John [to go].
5. "You should go, Charly"                          She wanted me [to go].
- to take Sean there
- to forget it
- to change the channel
- to go
- to go
A: to take Sean there / to forget it / to change the channel / to go / to go

Q: Make sentences with a to-infinitive!

1. "Where should we go?"                                   He asked [where to go].
2. "What should I do?"                                        She wanted to know [what to do].
3. "When can we meet?"                                    They asked [when to meet].
4. "How should I do my homework?"                  He wanted to know [how to do his homework].
5. "When can I take the car?"                             They wanted to know [when to take the car].
- where to go
- what to do
- when to meet
- how to do his homework
- when to take the car
A: where to go / what to do / when to meet / how to do his homework / when to take the car
Feedback: Question word + to-infinitive (+ everything else) He asked where to go. He wanted to know how to do his homework.

Q: Fill in a or an!

1. It is raining outside so we need [an] umbrella. - OK, let's go. Bye Sarah, we'll be back in [an] hour.
2. Do you have [a] pet? - Yes, I do. - I've got [an] iguana, which is quite [an] exciting animal.
3. Have you ever been to [an] ice rink? - Yes, I have. It has been [a] unique experience.
4. I love fruits. - Oh, I've got lots. Would you like [an] orange, [a] banana or [an] apple?
5. Oh look! What might that be? - Maybe it is [a] treasure box. - Haha, I think it is just [an] old shoe.
- an
- an
- a
- an
- an
- an
- a
- an
- a
- an
- a
- an
A: an / an / a / an / an / an / a / an / a / an / a / an

Q: The quantifiers a lot of, much, some and little are all used for uncountable nouns.
- True (Yep, that's right. We usually use much with questions (How much coffee is left?) and negative statements (There isn't much coffee left). A lot of can be used in all contexts, it is more common in affirmative sentences than much (There is still a lot of coffee left.). If we want to emphasize a large quantity, we can place 'so' before much or many. In that case we also use much in affirmative sentences. There is so much coffee left.)
- False (It is actually true. We usually use much with questions (How much coffee is left?) and negative statements (There isn't much coffee left). A lot of can be used in all contexts, it is more common in affirmative sentences than much (There is still a lot of coffee left.). If we want to emphasize a large quantity, we can place 'so' before much or many. In that case we also use much in affirmative sentences. There is so much coffee left)
A: True

Q: Countable nouns often have a plural -s.
- True (It's true!)
- False (Nope, that is actually true.)
A: True

Q: 1. There is so [much] love in this room!
2. Why did you buy so [many] bananas?
3. There is [a lot of] music on my computer, I don't even know how [many] songs.
4. My god Ashley, you have so [many] skirts!
5. Last night I drank so [much] water that I had to get up 4 times to go to the toilet. Actually, I don't even know how [many] times I went!
6. Doctor E come quickly, the patient has lost [a lot of] blood!
7. I can drink as [many] cokes as I want! - You think you can drink as [much] coke as I can?
- much
- many
- a lot of
- many
- many
- much
- many
- a lot of
- many
- much
A: much / many / a lot of / many / many / much / many / a lot of / many / much

Q: The forms of little are

little, loss, (the) lest
- True (What?!? NO! It is actually little, less, (the) least)
- False (True! It is actually little, less, (the) least)
A: False

Q: The missing forms of few are

fewer, fewest
- True (True!)
- False (Nope, that is actually true.)
A: True

Q: 1. There are only [few] glasses left, bring the all!
2. We need more water, there is so [little] left.
3. We
- few
- little
A: few / little

Q: 1. "Do you go there?"                      She asked whether he [went] there.
2. "Is that your daughter?"               He asked if that [was my daughter].
3. "Did she do that?"                       They wanted to know whether [she had done] that.
4. "Are you serious?"                      We wanted to know whether he [was] serious.
5. "Have you seen him?"                 She asked if you [had seen] him.
6. "Are they your friends?"               Charly asked whether they [were] our friends.
7. "Can you show me the way?"      He asked whether she [could show] him the way.
- went
- was my daughter
- she had done
- was
- had seen
- were
- could show
A: went / was my daughter / she had done / was / had seen / were / could show
Feedback: The word order changes! Direct speech 1: auxiliary + subject + predicate (+...) 2: predicate + subject (+...) 1: Do you go there? 2: Was that your daughter? In the reported speech it always changes to: whether/if + subject + predicate (+...) She asked whether I went there. He asked me if that had been my daughter. You can use if or whether, that does not matter at all.

Q: Fill in the correct word: few or little

Yesterday I wanted to make eggs for breakfast but there were only [few] left so I did not. Also, I had only [little] time and [little] money, so I just left and went to a popular fast food restaurant. That was awesome! There were only [few] people there so I took the [little] money I had and spent it on 2 burgers. It was only [little] food, but I was so hungry that the [few] burgers really managed to make me happy.
- few
- little
- little
- few
- little
- little
- few
A: few / little / little / few / little / little / few
Feedback: 'Few' is used with countable words egg, cat, country. 'Little' is used to talk about uncountable nouns like time, money, food. Do not be confused: You can count dollars or bananas, but not money or food! Very often, if a word has a plural form, it is countable --> egg: eggs, cat: cats, country: countries. For money or food there is no plural.

Q: Fill in the correct 3rd person form where necessary, where not fill in a '0' (number zero).

1. Today, he will go[0] downtown to meet[0] his friends Jerry and Sam. Sam find[s] it boring to go to town, but Jerry like[s] it. But yesterday it was[0] very different.
2. Chris is holding[0] his guitar like a little princess. His teacher always tell[s] him to do it right, but he never do[es].
3. Do you also think[0] I am pretty? I know[0] Rachel think[s] so and she wonder[s] if you think[0] the same.
4. If you write[0] text messages to him and he write[s] to you, why do you not just talk[0]?
5. I hated[0] the movie when I first saw[0] it but now Chris tell[s] me he love[s] it and so I think[0] I will[0] give[0] it another chance!
- 0
- 0
- s
- s
- 0
- 0
- s
- es
- 0
- 0
- s
- s
- 0
- 0
- s
- 0
- 0
- 0
- s
- s
- 0
- 0
- 0
A: 0 / 0 / s / s / 0 / 0 / s / es / 0 / 0 / s / s / 0 / 0 / s / 0 / 0 / 0 / s / s / 0 / 0 / 0
Feedback: -s is added to verbs in the 3rd person and only in the present simple. That's it. He walks --> present simple & 3rd person I walk --> present simple, but not 3rd person He walked --> 3rd person, but not present simple With some verbs you need to add an additional letter -e-: does, goes

Q: Fill in each other or the correct word! each other, -self or -selves!

[Image] | They are pointing at [themselves].
[Image] | They are looking at  [each other].
Joe is really weird, he always talks to | [himself].
Simon sometimes dances alone, but very often he and Carla dance with | [each other].
Marc, you should be ashamed of | [yourself]!
The dog just bit | [itself], that is a really stupid dog!
Let's not ask them, let's just do it | [ourselves].
- themselves
- each other
- himself
- each other
- yourself
- itself
- ourselves
A: themselves / each other / himself / each other / yourself / itself / ourselves
Feedback: - -self is used when one person does something alone (in the singular): - I --> myself - you --> yourself - he --> himself | she --> herself | it --> itself - -selves is used when 2 or more persons do something alone (in the plural): - we --> ourselves - you --> yourselves - they - themselves - each other means 2 or more persons do something together: they helped each other

Q: Fill in the right words from the box below - sometimes more than one option is possible!

as well    too    also    either (or)    neither (nor)

Do you know the English proverb You can't have the cake and eat it ? It means you have to chose: you can [either] have the cake for later [or] eat it - but then you do not have it anymore. You cannot eat and [also] have it. It is different if you try to have two things but do not get [either], then you would have [neither] the one [nor] the other. You can say that two ways: I do not have the other thing [either] or I [neither] have the other thing. The use of too, also and as well is actually pretty simple. When you use too, you can usually also use [as well]. Those two words usually stand at the end of a sentence. The word [also] is different, it can stand at the very beginning of a sentence but [also] between subject and main verb.

Here are some examples:

1. He wanted to go [either] to Ibiza [or] to Madrid. He was not sure where exactly, just that it should be Spain.
2. She wanted to go to Ibiza and Madrid [as well|too], she really wanted to visit both places.
3. They ended up going to Stockholm, so they went [neither] to Madrid [nor] to Ibiza. [Also], they did not go alone, but they went with friends.
- either
- or
- also
- either
- neither
- nor
- either
- neither
- as well
- also
- also
- either
- or
- as well|too
- neither
- nor
- Also
A: either / or / also / either / neither / nor / either / neither / as well / also / also / either / or / as well|too / neither / nor / Also
Feedback: either...or --> one or the other. Example: Either I have the cake or I eat it. not + either...nor --> neither...nor --> not one and also not the other. Example: I wanted to go to Rome or Paris, but I then I stayed on my balcony; I went neither to Rome nor to Paris. also, as well, too --> generally the same meaning, but possibly different positions in a sentence. Examples: - You can also eat the cake. - You can eat the cake, too. - You can eat the cake as well. Using more than one of the words in the same sentence does not make much sense, because they mean the same! Before the word too usually a comma is put in. Also, it is only used in positive sentences, i.e. sentences without negation (a not) - in a negative sentence you use not...either or neither. I go there, too. --> I do not go there either.

Q: Match since and for to their explanations!
- since | relates to a specific point in time
- for | relates to a period of time
Also offered: can only be used in the present tense

Q: Fill in the right word - since or for!

1. She has been at the party [for] 5 hours now, she must be tired.
2. We have been playing football [since] 3 o'clock, I need a break.
3. They have been sipping at their cokes [for] the last 15 minutes, they surely must be finished.
4. I have not seen her [since] we met 5 years ago.
5. I have not seen her [for] 5 years.
6. Mom has been driving [for] 5 hours now, she needs a break.
7. [Since] last year 50 people have been arrested by the sheriff.
8. [For] 50.000 years people have lived in Australia.
9. We will stay here [for] the next two days.
10. We have stayed here [since] two days ago.
- for
- since
- for
- since
- for
- for
- Since
- For
- for
- since
A: for / since / for / since / for / for / Since / For / for / since
Feedback: since - relates to a specific point in time for - relates to a period of time Tense: Both since and for are usually used with the present perfect simple or present perfect progressive.

Q: Fill in the gaps with the correct prepositions! If you do not need a preposition, fill in 0 (number zero).

1. School
  - Every morning I walk [to] school.
  - When I have arrived [at] school, I meet my friends.
  - I stay [at] school until classes are done.
  - Walking home [from] school is nice, especially when the sun is shining.
2. Home
  - After school, I walk [0] home.
  - [At] home I sit down and relax.
3. Pictures/images/cartoons/charts
  - [in] the picture/cartoon/image/chart
  - [on] the left | [on] the right
  - [in] the foregroud | [in] the background | [in] the middle
  - [at] the top | [at] the bottom
- to
- at
- at
- from
- 0
- At
- in
- on
- on
- in
- in
- in
- at
- at
A: to / at / at / from / 0 / At / in / on / on / in / in / in / at / at

Q: 1. I was invited [to] the wedding [by|of] my best friend just yesterday.
2. [At] 4 o'clock we will meet and talk about this.
3. [On] October 3rd, Germans celebrate their national holiday.
4. He is a friend [of] mine, I have know him [for] many years.
5. I have played football [for] 6 years now, so that would be [since] I was 8.
6. I am really looking forward [to] hearing from you, please call me!
7. Look [at] this wonderful scenery! - No, look me [in] the eyes!
- to
- by|of
- At
- On
- of
- for
- for
- since
- to
- at
- in
A: to / by|of / At / On / of / for / for / since / to / at / in

Q: Match the forms to the examples!
- adjective | tall
- comparative | taller
- superlative | (the) tallest

Q: So if Frank is not as tall as Joe, he is either shorter or taller than Joe.
- True (Well done, this is how it works. as big as | as smart as | as slow as bigger than | smarter than | slower than)
- False (No, this is really how it works! as big as | as smart as | as slow as bigger than | smarter than | slower than)
A: True

[Image]

Q: Make correct sentences!

1. Jane is [smaller than] (small) Marc.
2. Joey is [as tall as] (tall) Jane.
3. Chris is [taller than] (tall) April, but [smaller than] (small) Max.
4. April is [the smallest] (small) person of the group.
- smaller than
- as tall as
- taller than
- smaller than
- the smallest
A: smaller than / as tall as / taller than / smaller than / the smallest

Q: Make correct sentences!

1. Joey is [as tall as|as small as] Jane.
2. Chris is a little [taller than] Jane but a lot [taller than] April.
3. Max is [as tall as|as small as] Marc but a lot [taller than] Joey.
4. Marc and Max are [the tallest] people in the group.
5. Apil is [the smallest] person in the group.
- as tall as|as small as
- taller than
- taller than
- as tall as|as small as
- taller than
- the tallest
- the smallest
A: as tall as|as small as / taller than / taller than / as tall as|as small as / taller than / the tallest / the smallest

Q: Match the pronouns!
- I | myself
- you (singular) | yourself
- he | himself
- we | ourselves
- they | themselves
- it | itself
- she | herself
- you (plural) | yourselves

Q: Use tall or short in the correct form to describe the people!

[Image] | The man is [as tall as|as short as] the woman.
[Image] | The baby is [shorter than] the man. Or the man is [taller than] the baby.
[Image] | The child is [the shortest] person of the 4. Her mother is almost  [as tall as|as short as] the man and the other woman; maybe she is a little [shorter than] they are, but not taller.
[Image] | The man is [taller than] the baby, but [shorter than] the 2 women. The woman on the right is [as tall as|as short as] the woman on the left.
- as tall as|as short as
- shorter than
- taller than
- the shortest
- as tall as|as short as
- shorter than
- taller than
- shorter than
- as tall as|as short as
A: as tall as|as short as / shorter than / taller than / the shortest / as tall as|as short as / shorter than / taller than / shorter than / as tall as|as short as

Q: The song is [nice].

That is played [nicely].
- nice
- nicely
A: nice / nicely

Q: That is a [real] computer.

You are [really] [good] at playing the computer.
- real
- really
- good
A: real / really / good

Q: He plays tennis [really] [well].

The TV is [really] [good], it is a [real] Samsung TV.
- really
- well
- really
- good
- real
A: really / well / really / good / real

Q: Fill in 'the' where necessary; if unnecessary, fill in a '0' (number zero)

1. Before I eat another [0] hamburger, I will die.
2. [The] violins in that shop look wunderful!
3. You know I love [0] football, but I think [the] football games in London are the best!
4. Having [0] information about your enemies is always good, especially [the] important information.
5. Joey could watch [0] movies every day, but [the] movies he likes most are Star Trek movies.
6. In general [0] coke is good, but I really hate [the] coke at the 'Engel' in Furtwangen.
7. My friend Charly is totally into [the] cars at the local store, even though he generally does not like [0] cars.
8. Can you tell me where to find [the] map of New Zealand? - [0] maps are in the next room.
9. Do you really believe you know all [the] rules at this school?
10. Playing [0] games on Friday is a family tradition, but [the] games of Scrabble are my favorites!
- 0
- The
- 0
- the
- 0
- the
- 0
- the
- 0
- the
- the
- 0
- the
- 0
- the
- 0
- the
A: 0 / The / 0 / the / 0 / the / 0 / the / 0 / the / the / 0 / the / 0 / the / 0 / the
Feedback: If the definite article is used, you talk about something specific. If you do not use the definite article, you talk about something general. Examples "Joe generally loves food, but the food his mom makes is the best! Joe loves food in general, so there is no definite article. But the food his mom makes is a specific kind of food, so you need the definite article.

Q: 1. There is so [much] love in this room!
2. Why did you buy so [many] bananas?
3. There is really [much] music on my computer, I don't even know how [many] songs.
4. My god Ashley, you have so [many] clothes!
5. Last night I drank so [much] water that I had to get up 4 times to go to the toilet. Actually, I don't even know how [many] times I went!
6. Doctor E come quickly, the patient has lost so [much] blood!
7. I can drink as [many] cokes as I want! - You think you can drink as [much] coke as I can?
- much
- many
- much
- many
- many
- much
- many
- much
- many
- much
A: much / many / much / many / many / much / many / much / many / much

Q: Conditional 2 sentences can happen, but it is improbable that they will.
- True (Correct. Conditional I and Condicional II can happen, but Conditional II probably will not.)
- False (Wrong! Conditional I and Condicional II can happen, but Conditional II probably will not.)
A: True

Q: _Match!
- The main clause | has a 'would'
- The if-clause | is in the past simple
- The if-clause | is not allowed to have the word 'would' in it
Also offered: can be in different tenses

Q: 1. If you [went out] (to go out) with him again, I think he [would kiss] (to kiss) you.
2. If we [were singing] (to be singing) that song, they [would be able] (to be able) to sing along.
3. Madison [would be drinking] (to be drinking) from that cup if it [had remained] (to remain) on the table!
4. My daughter [would be driving] (to be driving) if she [had made] (to make) her driver's licence.
5. If one of you really [went] (to go) over there to talk to her, she [would be laughing] (to be laughing) so much.
6. Zoe [would be mad at] (to be mad at) him if she ever [found] (to find) out.
7. If they [had] (to have) more time, there [would be] (to be) a better result.
8. She [would be spending] (to be spending) a year in the US if she [could] (to be able to --> can) afford it.
9. If they really [went] (to go) to Las Vegas I am sure they [would get] (to get) married.
10. If getting married [were] (to be) the solution, everybody [would be] (to be) married!
- went out
- would kiss
- were singing
- would be able
- would be drinking
- had remained
- would be driving
- had made
- went
- would be laughing
- would be mad at
- found
- had
- would be
- would be spending
- could
- went
- would get
- were
- would be
A: went out / would kiss / were singing / would be able / would be drinking / had remained / would be driving / had made / went / would be laughing / would be mad at / found / had / would be / would be spending / could / went / would get / were / would be

Q: Start the song Marty%20Robbins%20-%20El%20Paso.mp3and then fill in the gaps!

Out in the west-Texas town of El Paso I [fell] (to fall) in love with a Mexican girl.

Night-time would find me in Rosa's cantina; music would play and Felina would whirl.

Blacker than night [were]  (to be) the eyes of Felina,wicked and evil while casting a spell. My love [was] (to be) deep for this Mexican maiden;I [was] (to be) in love but in vain, I [could] (to be able to / can) tell.

One night a wild young cowboy [came] (to come) in,wild as the West Texas wind.
Dashing and daring, a drink he [was] (to be) sharing with wicked Felina, the girl that I [loved] (to love).
So in anger I [challenged] (to challenge) his right for the love of this maiden, down [went] (to go) his hand for the gun that he [wore] (to wear).
My challenge [was] (to be) answered in less than a heart-beat; the handsome young stranger [lay] (to lie) dead on the floor.

Just for a moment I [stood] (to stand) there in silence,shocked by the foul evil deed I had done.
Many thoughts [raced] (to race) through my mind as I [stood] (to stand) there; I [had] (to have) but one chance and that [was] (to be) to run.

Out through the back door of Rosa's I [ran] (to run),out where the horses [were] (to be) tied.
I [caught] (to catch) a good one, it [looked] (to look) like it [could] (to be able to / can) run.Up on its back and away I did ride, just as fast as I [could] (to be able to / can) from the west-Texas town of El Pasoout to the bad-lands of New Mexico.

Back in El Paso my life would be worthless.
Everything's gone in life, nothing is left.
It's been so long since I've seen the young maiden, my love is stronger than my fear of death.
I [saddled up] (to saddle up) and away I did go, riding alone in the dark.

From here on the song is in the present tense, so there is nothing more to fill in - just enjoy!

Maybe tomorrow a bullet will find me, tonight nothing's worse than this pain in my heart.
And at last here I am on the hill overlooking El Paso;I can see Rosa's cantina below.
My love is strong and it pushes me onward,
down off the hill to Felina I go.
Off to my right I see five mounted cowboys;
off to my left ride a dozen or more.
Shouting and shooting I can't let them catch me, I have to make it to Rosa's back door.
Something is dreadfully wrong for I feel a deep burning pain in my side.
Though I am trying to stay in the saddle,
I'm getting weary, unable to ride,
but my love for
Felina is strong and I rise where I've fallen;
though I am weary I can't stop to rest.
I see the white puff of smoke from the rifle,
I feel the bullet go deep in my chest.
From out of nowhere Felina has found me,
kissing my cheek as she kneels by my side.
Cradled by two loving arms that I'll die for,
one little kiss and Felina, good-bye.
- fell
- were
- was
- was
- could
- came
- was
- loved
- challenged
- went
- wore
- was
- lay
- stood
- raced
- stood
- had
- was
- ran
- were
- caught
- looked
- could
- could
- saddled up
A: fell / were / was / was / could / came / was / loved / challenged / went / wore / was / lay / stood / raced / stood / had / was / ran / were / caught / looked / could / could / saddled up

Q: Mira is a really [elegant] tennis player.

That woman over there has an [elegant] dress.
- elegant
- elegant
A: elegant / elegant

Q: 1. A sign you are likely to see at an airport is Bags [must] (can | must | may) not be left unattended.
2. I really [must] (may | would | may) try to get fit.
3. [May] (Must | Would | May) I go to the bathroom, please?
4. His excuse [may] (can | may] be true, but I don't believe it.
5. It's very important to [be able to] (can | be able to] speak more than one language.
6. I don't like [having to] (being allowed to | having to | being able to) get up early on a Sunday.
7. She [could] (could | should | would) talk already before she was two years old.
8. I [could not] (would not | could not | should not | must not) move the table, it was too heavy.
9. You [must not] (must not | do not have to) put your feet on the cafeteria.
10. You can come toe the meeting if you want but you [don't have to] (have to | don't have to | must not).
- must
- must
- May
- may
- be able to
- having to
- could
- could not
- must not
- don't have to
A: must / must / May / may / be able to / having to / could / could not / must not / don't have to

Q: 1. "Where do you go?"                          She asked [where he went].
2. "Why did she do that?"                      He asked me [why she had done] that.
3. "Who have you seen there?"            They asked [who they had seen] there.
- where he went
- why she had done
- who they had seen
A: where he went / why she had done / who they had seen
Feedback: The word order changes! Direct speech: Question word + verb + subject (+ infinitive/... + ...) Where do you go Why did she do that In the reported speech the word order changes, the verb moves to the end: question word + subject + verb (+...) She asked where he went He asked me why she had done that

Q: 1. Do you go there?                 She asked whether [he went] there.
2. Did she do that?                  They wanted to know whether [she had done] that.
- he went
- she had done
A: he went / she had done
Feedback: The word order changes! Direct speech: Verb + subject (+ infinitive/... + ...) Do you go there? Did she do that? In the reported speech there are come changes: whether + subject + verb (+...) She asked whether he went there He asked me whether she had done that

Q: The progressive is constructed as follows:

- a form of 'to be'
- the -ing form of the verb
- True (Yup.)
- False (No, that's actually how it is done.)
A: True

There are some exceptions to the formation rule you just saw:

- if a verb ends in e, the e is dropped in the progressive. Example: to come - I am coming
  - Careful: A double ee at the end stays! Example: to see - He is seeing.
- the last consonant after a stressed vowel is doubled. Example: to hit - he is hitting | to cut - I am cutting.
- ie at the end of a verb becomes y. Example: to fly - They are flying | to cry - we are crying.

Q: Present simple | Present progressive
He does his homework. | He [is doing] his homework.
You eat you apple. | You [are eating] your apple.
They see their friends. | They [are seeing] their friends.
Mom cuts my hair. | Mum [is cutting] my hair.
She lies on the couch over there. | She [is lying] on the couch over there.
Dan comes home late at night. | Dan [is coming] home late at night.
Sheryl tries to be a good daughter. | Sheryl [is trying] do be a good daughter.
We hit the ball so hard, it's crazy! | We [are hitting the ball] so hard, it's crazy!
- is doing
- are eating
- are seeing
- is cutting
- is lying
- is coming
- is trying
- are hitting the ball
A: is doing / are eating / are seeing / is cutting / is lying / is coming / is trying / are hitting the ball

Q: The progressive is used to show that something is really boring.
- True (That does not make any sense. Think!)
- False (Of course it is wrong, this answer is ridiculous!)
A: False

Q: Fill in the gaps!

Simple question | Progressive question
Do you go out tonight? | [Are you going] out tonight?
Where does he run? | Where [are you running]?
How do they do it? | [How are they doing] it?
Do we swim to the island? | [Are we swimming] to the island?
What [do they talk] about? | What are you talking about?
Do (I start] right now? | Am I starting right now?
Does she sit next to me. | [Is she  sitting] next to me?
- Are you going
- are you running
- How are they doing
- Are we swimming
- do they talk
- Is she sitting
A: Are you going / are you running / How are they doing / Are we swimming / do they talk / Is she sitting

The progressive can also be used in questions.

Yes/no-questions

- The auxiliary verb that you need to form the yes/no-question is replaced by the form of to be.
- The main verb gets the -ing.

Example: Do you eat ice-cream?  --> Are you eating ice-cream?

Wh-questions

- The auxiliary verb that you need to form the yes/no-question is replaced by the form of to be.
- The main verb gets the -ing.
- The only difference to a yes/no-question is that you have a question word at the beginning.

Example: Where do the kids go?  --> Where are the kids going?

Q: The progressive can be used with every verb.
- True (No! It only works with verbs that express an action, like to eat, to swim, to run. Verbs like to like, to hate or to understand do not express an action --> they are not used in the progressive!)
- False (Correct! It only works with verbs that express an action, like to eat, to swim, to run. Verbs like to like, to hate or to understand do not express an action --> they are not used in the progressive!)
A: False

Q: Choose the predicate in the sentence below:

Will you go to the barbecue tomorrow?
- you
- barbecue
- tomorrow
- will...go
A: will...go

Q: Marty%20Robbins%20-%20El%20Paso.mp3

Out in the west-Texas town of El Paso I [fell] (to fall) in love with a Mexican girl.

Night-time would find me in Rosa's cantina; music would play and Felina would whirl.

Blacker than night [were]  (to be) the eyes of Felina,wicked and evil while casting a spell. My love [was] (to be) deep for this Mexican maiden;I [was] (to be) in love but in vain, I [could] (to be able to / can) tell.

One night a wild young cowboy [came] (to come) in,wild as the West Texas wind.
Dashing and daring, a drink he [was] (to be) sharing with wicked Felina, the girl that I [loved] (to love).
So in anger I [challenged] (to challenge) his right for the love of this maiden, down [went] (to go) his hand for the gun that he [wore] (to wear).
My challenge [was] (to be) answered in less than a heart-beat; the handsome young stranger [lay] (to lie) dead on the floor.

Just for a moment I [stood] (to stand) there in silence,shocked by the foul evil deed I had done.
Many thoughts [raced] (to race) through my mind as I [stood] (to stand) there; I [had] (to have) but one chance and that [was] (to be) to run.

Out through the back door of Rosa's I [ran] (to run),out where the horses [were] (to be) tied.
I [caught] (to catch) a good one, it [looked] (to look) like it [could] (to be able to / can) run.Up on its back and away I did ride, just as fast as I [could] (to be able to / can) from the west-Texas town of El Pasoout to the bad-lands of New Mexico.

Back in El Paso my life would be worthless.
Everything's gone in life, nothing is left.
It's been so long since I've seen the young maiden, my love is stronger than my fear of death.
I [saddled up] (to saddle up) and away I did go, riding alone in the dark.

From here on the song is in the present tense, so there is nothing more to fill in - just enjoy!

Maybe tomorrow a bullet will find me, tonight nothing's worse than this pain in my heart.
And at last here I am on the hill overlooking El Paso;I can see Rosa's cantina below.
My love is strong and it pushes me onward,
down off the hill to Felina I go.
Off to my right I see five mounted cowboys;
off to my left ride a dozen or more.
Shouting and shooting I can't let them catch me, I have to make it to Rosa's back door.
Something is dreadfully wrong for I feel a deep burning pain in my side.
Though I am trying to stay in the saddle,
I'm getting weary, unable to ride,
but my love for
Felina is strong and I rise where I've fallen;
though I am weary I can't stop to rest.
I see the white puff of smoke from the rifle,
I feel the bullet go deep in my chest.
From out of nowhere Felina has found me,
kissing my cheek as she kneels by my side.
Cradled by two loving arms that I'll die for,
one little kiss and Felina, good-bye.
- fell
- were
- was
- was
- could
- came
- was
- loved
- challenged
- went
- wore
- was
- lay
- stood
- raced
- stood
- had
- was
- ran
- were
- caught
- looked
- could
- could
- saddled up
A: fell / were / was / was / could / came / was / loved / challenged / went / wore / was / lay / stood / raced / stood / had / was / ran / were / caught / looked / could / could / saddled up

When to use what

- since talks about a point in time in the past

  - Example: I have had a headache since yesterday. --> Yesterday is a clear starting point for the headache; one second there was no headache and the next there was a headache.

- for talks about a period of time in the past

  - Example: I have played tennis for 4 hours now, I am really tired! --> 4 hours is a period of time, you can imagine sitting there and watching that person play.

The indefinite article an is used, if the next word starts with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u), for all other words you use a. But be careful, written language follows pronunciation!

- an interesting book --> the word interesting is pronounced with an i at the beginning
- an hour --> the word hour is pronounced with an a at the beginning, the h is silent
- a helping hand --> with the word helping, the h is pronounced --> you only need a
- a university --> the word university is pronounced with a j at the beginning--> you only need a

The indefinite article an is used, if the next word starts with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u), for all other words you use a. But be careful, written language follows pronunciation!

- an interesting book --> the word interesting is pronounced with an i at the beginning
- an hour --> the word hour is pronounced with an a at the beginning, the h is silent
- a helping hand --> with the word helping, the h is pronounced --> you only need a
- a university --> the word university is pronounced with a j --> you only need a

When to use it

Usually the definite article the is used if you want to talk about something specific as opposed to something general.

Example: The books I have in my hand are really bad, but usually books are great!

The books (I have in my hand) talks about the specific books the person is holding --> you need the definite article!

...but usually books are great talks about books in general --> you cannot use the definite article